Andrographis
Paniculata - Herb
Andrographis
Paniculata Contents
Andrographis is an herbal
medicine derived from the Andrographis Paniculata shrub grown the
moist, shady areas of India, China and throughout Southeast Asia. It
is commonly referred to as 'Indian Echinacea' and is a popular Ayervedic and Chinese household remedy for the common cold,
digestive issues, upper respiratory tract infections, flu and other
sicknesses typified by fever. Although its use dates back easily a
thousand years in these ancient medical traditions, there is a more
recent historical reference to its potency. In the Indian flu
epidemic of 1919, the herb Andrographis is credited with the
reversal of its onslaught. More recently, it popularity has spread
to Scandinavia, where its dosages have been standardized and it has
been widely recommended by doctors for two decades as a common
remedy in treating these same winter ailments.
As research increases, so
is our understanding of Andrographis' many activities and
indications are that it may even play a role in cardiovascular and
cancer treatments.
Andrographis Paniculata Benefits & Key Uses
- Colds, Flu
& Sinusitis
- Digestive problems
- Cardiovascular
- Anti-tumor
Clinical Applications
Andrographis and its
various components have demonstrated a variety of effects in the
body. Aspects stimulate the general immune activities, others
inhibit the body's inflammatory mechanism and still others
demonstrate not only anti-microbial abilities, but also are
instrumental in killing certain tumor cells. Studies have also
indicated that the active chemical, Andrographolide, helps to stop
the clumping of blood platelets which is the clotting process that
can lead to heart attacks.
How
It Works
Colds, Flu, Sinusitis:
Andrographis compounds have shown antivirus properties which appear
to inhibit glycoprotein's in the virus. This impedes the viruses
ability to invade cells in the body and replicate. It's
andrographolide are currently being studied for the antiviral
effects they have on avian bird flu virus, ebola virus and HIV.
It
also has a major effect activating the general defense
functions of the immune system by stimulating the production of
antibodies as well as non-specific immune responses such as
increased macrophage phagocytosis, rather than by any direct
anti-microbial activity.
Clinical studies have demonstrated
it's efficacy fighting colds, flu, sinusitis, pharyngotonsillitis,
familial mediterranean fever and upper respiratory tract infections.
It also has been demonstrated to reduce the risk of colds by 2.1
time and prevent flu and complications.
Anti-inflammatory:
There appears to be a significant presence of flavanoids in
the Andrographis Paniculata herb, which always have an anti-inflammatory affect. In
vitro studies have shown that the flavinoid activities supressed the
genetic expression of neutrofils, an inflammatory agent. Similarly,
studies have indicated that a variety of inflammatory proteins,
including COX-2, are reduced by the presence of Andrographoloid.
Anti-tumor:
In vitro andrographolide
studies indicate an immuno-stimulating activity as well as a marked
inhibitory effect. Its presence increases proliferation of
lymphocytes and production of interleukin2, TNF-alpha production and
cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes against certain cancer cell lines,
as well as demonstrating potential direct anti-cancer activity by
the induction of cell-cycle inhibitory protein p27 and decreased
expression of cyclin-dependent kinase.
Andrographis Paniculata Side
Effects & Safety
Andrographis Paniculata has been
widely tested and is considered safe with few if any minor
side effects at commonly
prescribed levels. In clinical trials with children between 4 and 11
Andrographis was effective and safe. Side effects occurred in HIV
trials at a dose of 10 mg of andrographolides per kg of body weight
or roughly 12 time the recommended dosage.
Precautions
Pregnant women or those
trying to conceive should avoid Andrographis animal studies have
shown the possibility of contraceptive effects at high
dosages. Safety during lactation is not known. Andrographis may increase glucose metabolisation which could unduly enhance
blood sugar lowering medication. Use cautiously
in patients taking anticoagulant agents such as warfarin (Coumadin®)
or heparin, or with anti-platelet agents such as ibuprofen (Motrin®,
Advil®) due to possible platelet aggregation inhibition by
Andrographis
Recommended Dosage of Andrographis Paniculata
Standardized extract:
Preparations containing 48-60mg of the andrographolide constituents,
divided into three or four daily doses, is the range studied in most
clinical trials to date, particularly for respiratory infections.
Leaf:
Typical amounts are 500-3000mg, taken three times daily.
Tea:
For digestive problems, a typical dose is one teaspoon of herb per
one cup of water, steeped for 5-10 minutes, taken with meals
Product
With Andrographis Paniculata
AvaFlu Advanced Formula Cold, Flu, Sinusitis,
Immune
Booster
Research
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of acute upper respiratory tract infections including sinusitis.
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Sandberg F, Wikman GK. Use of visual analogue scale measurements
(VAS) to asses the effectiveness of standardized Andrographis
paniculata extract SHA-10 in reducing the symptoms of common cold. A
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Andrographis paniculata on PAF-induced platelet aggregation.
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Hepatoprotective activity of andrographolide against galactosamine &
paracetamol intoxication in rats. Indian J Med Res 1990;92:284-292.
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Hepatoprotective activity of andrographolide from Andrographis
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et al. Choleretic effect of andrographolide in rats and guinea pigs.
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JG, et al. A phase I trial of andrographolide in HIV positive
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26) Melchior J, Spasov AA,
Ostrovskij OV, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot and
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Herba Nees extract fixed combination (Kan jang) in the treatment of
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27) Hancke J, Burgos R, Caceres D,
et al. A double-blind study with a new monodrug Kan Jang: decrease
of symptoms and improvement in the recovery from common colds.
Phytother Res 1995;9:559-562.
28) Caceres DD, Hancke JL, Burgos
RA, et al. Use of visual analogue scale measurements (VAS) to asses
the effectiveness of standardized Andrographis paniculata extract
SHA-10 in reducing the symptoms of common cold. A randomized double
blind-placebo study. Phytomedicine 1999;6(4):217-223.
29) Amaryan G, Astvatsatryan V,
Gabrielyan E, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized,
pilot clinical trial of ImmunoGuard--a standardized fixed
combination of Andrographis paniculata Nees, with Eleutherococcus
senticosus Maxim, Schizandra chinensis Bail. and Glycyrrhiza glabra
L. extracts in patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever.
Phytomedicine 2003;10(4):271-285.
30) Melchior J, Palm S, Wikman G.
Controlled clinical study of standardized Andrographis paniculata
extract in common cold-a pilot trial. Phytomedicine 1996;34:315-318.
31) Spasov AA, Ostrovskij OV,
Chernikov MV, et al. Comparative controlled study of Andrographis
paniculata fixed combination, Kan Jang and an Echinacea preparation
as adjuvant, in the treatment of uncomplicated respiratory disease
in children. Phytother Res 2004;18(1):47-53.
32) Coon JT, Ernst E. Andrographis
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33) Thamlikitkul V, Dechatiwongse T,
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36) Yu BC, Hung CR, Chen WC, et al.
Antihyperglycemic effect of andrographolide in streptozotocin-induced
diabetic rats. Planta Med 2003;69(12):1075-1079
37) Guo ZL, Zhao HY, Zheng XH. An
experimental study of the mechanism of andrographis paniculata nees
(APN) in alleviating the Ca(2+)-overloading in the process of
myocardial ischemic reperfusion. J Tongji Med Univ
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38) Hidalgo MA, Romero A, Figueroa
J, et al. Andrographolide interferes with binding of nuclear factor-kappaB
to DNA in HL-60-derived neutrophilic cells. Br J Pharmacol
2005;144(5):680-686.
39) Shen YC, Chen CF, Chiou WF.
Andrographolide prevents oxygen radical production by human
neutrophils: possible mechanism(s) involved in its anti-inflammatory
effect. Br J Pharmacol 2002;135(2):399-406.
40) Chiou WF, Chen CF, Lin JJ.
Mechanisms of suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)
expression in RAW 264.7 cells by andrographolide. Br J Pharmacol
2000;129(8):1553-1560.
41) Batkhuu J, Hattori K, Takano F,
et al. Suppression of NO production in activated macrophages in
vitro and ex vivo by neoandrographolide isolated from Andrographis
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42) Panossian A, Davtyan T,
Gukassyan N, et al. Effect of andrographolide and Kan Jang--fixed
combination of extract SHA-10 and extract SHE-3--on proliferation of
human lymphocytes, production of cytokines and immune activation
markers in the whole blood cells culture. Phytomedicine
2002;9(7):598-605.
43) Basak A, Cooper S, Roberge AG,
et al. Inhibition of proprotein convertases-1, -7 and furin by
diterpines of Andrographis paniculata and their succinoyl esters.
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